D-Cycloserine as a Promising Phobia Treatment

D-Cycloserine as a Promising Phobia Treatment Phobias Treatment Print D-Cycloserine as a Promising Phobia Treatment By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Updated on June 24, 2019 Robert Decelis Ltd/DigitalVision/Getty Images More in Phobias Treatment Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Types Originally approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of tuberculosis, D-cycloserine (Seromycin) may be the next line of defense in phobia treatment. The antibiotic has been found to aid in the treatment of a variety of simple phobias, including the fear of spiders (arachnophobia) and a fear of heights (acrophobia). The drug is not helpful as a sole treatment, however, and works as an adjunct to exposure therapy in patients with phobias. Repeated clinical trials have demonstrated that patients with acrophobia (fear of heights) who receive exposure therapy, and who also took D-cycloserine, learn to override their fears more quickly than those who took a placebo. Exposure therapy, which is often used in the treatment of anxiety disorders, targets learned behaviors that people engage in (most often the avoidance) in response to situations or thoughts and memories that are viewed as frightening or anxiety-provoking. How D-Cycloserine Works D-cycloserine is thought to affect certain receptors, namely NMDA receptors, in the amygdala portion of the brain (a part of your brain that is associated with fear). It does not directly treat the phobia. Instead, the drug appears to stimulate the area of the brain that is responsible for unlearning fear responses. In other words, it works to speed up or increase the response to exposure therapy. This, in turn, may minimize the frustration often felt during early treatment and thereby prevent a person from stopping therapy prematurely. Although research is still underway, clinical trials have found few side effects when using D-cycloserine in the treatment of anxiety disorders. D-cycloserine has also been studied for its effectiveness in the treatment of Alzheimers disease, schizophrenia, OCD, PTSD and other anxiety disorders. If you think D-Cycloserine could work for you, talk to your healthcare provider. Together you can weigh the risks and benefits of using this medication, alongside exposure therapy, in the treatment of your specific phobia or anxiety disorder.

Ovid and Dante The Power of Imagery - Literature Essay Samples

In Metamorphoses, Ovid attempts the great task of recounting the history of the world, from its creation to the death of Julius Caesar. However, Ovids work is not solely an encyclopaedia of mythology; it is also the source of much standard figurative language. Similarly, Dante Alighieri attempts to achieve the great task of assembling a visionary narrative. The Inferno is a highly structured vision of the future that not only highlights the Christian religion, but also integrates many mythological figures of the past. But the genius of Dante lies not in the grand vision he has dreamed of, but in the way that he has presented it. Through his poem, Dante aims to inspire fear in his readers; he hopes to create a future that is more real than the present so that his readers will repent. To achieve this goal, Dante employs highly concrete imagery. Ovid strives towards an opposite purpose; in his portrayal of specific myths, Ovid aims to evoke a past that is identical to the present. He ai ms to convince readers that the glorious warriors and fantastical gods of the past are very much like themselves, and thus aims to disenchant his readers. Much like Dante, Ovid also exploits imagery to achieve his goal. However, the ways that these two poets use imagery are different because their purposes are so radically different. Ovid’s imagery tends to focus on emotions and abstract concepts, rather than physical details. This is particularly true in the case of the myth of Medea. Often described as a vindictive witch, Medea is presented as a sympathetic character by Ovid. Instead of focusing on the shocking acts that Medea commits, Ovid spotlights her great affection for Jason. as when a spark that has been hidden under a crust of ash is nourished by a breeze and comes to life again as it’s stirred up, regaining all the vigor it once had; just so her smoldering love, which you’d have thought was almost out, came blazing up anew (226) By illustrating Medea’s love as fire, Ovid helps the reader to imagine Medea’s emotions. Like a fire, Medea’s love is wild, spontaneous, and dangerous. Her infatuation is a spark that catches onto anything, and then spreads wildly. By using diction like â€Å"vigor†, â€Å"smoldering†, and â€Å"blazing†, Ovid reinforces the notion that her love is intense and strong. The image of an irrepressible flame is a powerful one; more importantly, it is realistic. In reality, emotions are uncontrollable, and this concept can be easily identified with. Any horrifying acts that Medea commits afterwards seem explainable in consideration of this dangerous love. Medea is no longer an ultimate mythical warning for infidelity, but an abandoned wife who has lost all hope. She is no longer the mother who murdered her own children, but one who has undeniable human emotions. Often, Ovid must work with characters who are often fantastical in all aspects, like Me dea. The only things that connect these characters to readers are emotions and abstract concepts. By creating emotionally charged imagery, Ovid is able to convince the reader that these fantastical characters are actually not very different from the reader, and that the myths are much like reality. Dante, like Ovid, aims to create vivid imagery in order to convince the reader that the world of Inferno is genuine. Unlike Ovid, Dante focuses on the physicals details. Dante attempts to create a world that his readers can easily imagine, a world that is concrete. After all, Dante’s purpose is to compel his readers to realize that the future is more important than the present. Dante does by creating lucid images of the physical appearance of hell. There is in Hell a vast and sloping ground called Malebolge, a lost place of stone as black as the great cliff that seals it round. Precisely in the center of that place there yawns a well extremely wide and deep. I shall discuss it in its proper place. (158) At each new site that the journey passes, Dante takes time to describe where everything is and how everything looks physically. He does so in order to create a definite and substantial image for the reader. Naturally, the reader knows exactly what the ground is like – â€Å"sloping†¦[yawning] a well†, what colour the stone is – â€Å"black†, how it is spatially – â€Å"wide and deep.† Dante describes each new creature, each new situation in the same way as well. Although Dante does describe abstract ideas such as emotion, they are absent from the imagery. Through the use of physical imagery, Dante is able to mould his extraordinary world into something tangible and compelling for the reader. Also in pursuit of the creation of a concrete world, Ovid faces different challenges. The stories that he writes are often exotic relative to everyday life. Consequently, Ovid inserts details into the imagery to inspire a sense of familiarity in the reader. Ovid concentrates detail on ordinary things, as opposed to focusing on dramatic things, such as death. Many myths in Metamorphoses convey a depressing vision of life. Ovid tries to neutralize this potentially bleak aspect of his narrative by creating detailed imagery of the beauty, of the people. In treating the myth of Daphne, Ovid is particularly successful. Instead of highlighting the fact that Daphne dies by transforming into a tree, Ovid concentrates on the splendour of Daphne herself. Her prayer was scarcely finished when she feels a torpor take possession of her limbs – her supple trunk is girdled with a thin layer of fine bark over her smooth skin; her hair turns into foliage, her arms grow into branches, sluggish roots adhere to feet that were so recently so swift, her head becomes the summit of a tree; all that remains of her is a warm glow. (37) Daphne is stripped of her freedom and human form; this is not a pleasant situation. The attention of the reader, however, diverges from her death as a human being, and is instead caught up with the erotic beauty of the girl. The imagery greatly lessens the brutality of the situation. Ovid pays special attention to the details of each minute transformation to make this beauty seem more real. The reader can easily picture every feature, whether that is the â€Å"thin layer of fine bark†, or the â€Å"sluggish roots†. In addition, details such as the â€Å"supple trunk† and â€Å"smooth skin† help enhance the cozy and sultry tone. Overall, the imagery creates a sensual story as opposed to a brutal one. Thus, the story of Daphne becomes less mythical and more relatable. Dante, on the other hand, does not try to distract us from the suffering. Instead, according to the purpose of his composition, he uses details to enhance the brutality of the situation. The reader is treated to cringe-worthy, detailed description of physical torture. From every mouth a sinner’s leg stuck out as far as the calf. The soles were all ablaze and the joints of the leg quivered and writhed about. Withes and tethers would have snapped in their throes. As oiled things blaze upon the surface only, so did they burn from the heels to the points of their toes. In this passage, the tactile imagery is very specific. The reader knows precisely what the torture feels like. The burning sensation is strictly identical to â€Å"oiled things [ablaze].† The pain is so intense that sinners â€Å"[quiver] and [writhe] about† so wildly that â€Å"withes and tethers would have snapped in their throes.† The details that are described allow readers are able to feel as if they are standing there on the ground of hell with the characters. Readers are able to imagine that they have truly witnessed the various punishments. Nothing is vague. No feature is unimagined. The gravity of each punishment, the terrible conditions of the environment affect the reader much more because they seem so authentic. Thus, Dante easily achieves his goal of inspiring fear in his readers. This future that he has projected – this frightening experience of hell – becomes even more concrete than the present through the use of detailed physical ima gery. Both Ovid and Dante use imagery to achieve their ideological goals in Metamorphoses and Inferno. Ovid uses emotionally charged imagery to create sympathetic characters, and generate details with positive diction to prevent a focus on cruelty. Through these two techniques, Ovid effectively inserts small slices of reality into his encyclopedia of mythology, making his creation a very honest portrayal of present life. Dante, in contrast, utilizes physical imagery to sculpt a world that he thinks is more important than the present. Dante also creates details, as Ovid does, but instead of preventing a focus on suffering, Dante concentrates his detail on suffering. The conditions of this extraordinary world that Dante creates become more concrete through the detailed physical imagery. By using imagery, both Ovid and Dante are able to convince the reader of opposing ideas: one being that the past was no larger than the present, and the other being that the future is more important than the present.

Censoring the Internet - 906 Words

Censoring the Internet When most people think about the internet, they think of it as a super highway system that has the capability to transfer information. The internet grew up to become an expanding source for amusement and intelligence; in a way that we have never seen before. Since there isnt anything like the internet, as more people become more recognized with the internet, the information that surrounds the internet develops as well. Anyone can post ideas about whatever they want at any time of the day. The internet allows us to debate or discuss our personal or social thoughts willingly. With the use of spreading information, without buying additional materials to post information, the internet seemingly grew into the power hub of information. There has been a thriving dispute over whether there should be restrictions to the material we post. Some believe that the internet should be censored, which would have the ability to block any content that is believed to be a danger f or society. I believe that some information should be censored like the promotion of weapons and pornography to children, but that should be the parents issue. Since the internet grew up to be such a huge part of our world, I believe that censoring the internet would create more problems for the future. The internet belongs to everyone, so we should all have the ability to post anything we want to say. Censoring the internet is like having a prison guard monitoring everything you areShow MoreRelated Internet Censorship Essay - Censoring the Internet740 Words   |  3 PagesCensoring the Internet      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From music to television, censorship has played a major role in how the public is exposed to certain material. Now that our world is entering into a new technology era, the Internet is now in the middle of the censorship issue. 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Cost Benefit Analysis Of Spotsylvania County Public Schools

Cost Benefit Analysis In recent years, the homeschooled population in Spotsylvania County Public Schools (SCPS) has continued to grow. Due to state regulations, the governing body of the division, the Spotsylvania County School Board (SCSB) developed a policy to address the procedures and protocols necessary to guide homeschooling options in the division: Policy LBD (2015) (See Appendix A). According to L. Binion, Guidance Director for SCPS, currently the division has 1,036 registered and 31 pending homeschooled students in grades K-12 (personal communication, November 13, 2015). Further, although the division has generally averaged 3-4 additional requests weekly, requests have skyrocketed to 1-2 per day for the past several weeks. The spike is likely connected to two recent negative events associated with the division—a thwarted mass shooting plan, and a case of severe hazing at a high school, (L. Binion, personal communication, November 19, 2015). There are financial ramific ations for the school division each time a student is opt-ed out of the public school system. State funding is determined by Average Daily Membership (ADM), which equates to $5,418 per student for Fiscal Year 2015 (VEA, 2014). Thus, the current cost of registered homeschooled students in SCPS is a staggering $5,613,048. Consequently, examining ways in which the division can address the needs of the homeschooled population while recapturing lost funds is imperative. SCPS is currently investigatingShow MoreRelatedProfessional Building Maintenance Vs. School Board Of The County Of Spotsylvania1498 Words   |  6 PagesProcurement Law Dr. 12-4-16 Professional Building Maintenance vs The School Board of the County of Spotsylvania, Virginia in the Supreme Court of Virginia Introduction Professional Building Maintenance Corporation versus the School Board of the County of Spotsylvania is a 2012 case decided by the Virginia Supreme Court. The appellant, Professional Building Maintenance Corporation, challenged the School Board of the County of Spotsylvania on several issues including the use of â€Å"Best Value† as the methodRead MoreInformation Technology Implementation Issues: an Analysis45771 Words   |  184 PagesIssues: An Analysis Suzanne Beaumaster Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Public Administration and Public Policy John W. Dickey, Chair Larkin Dudley Joseph Rees J. Michael Thomson Gary Wamsley March 24, 1999 Blacksburg, Virginia Copyright 1999, Suzanne Beaumaster Information Technology Implementation Issues: An Analysis Suzanne Beaumaster

Dyslexi A Common Condition That Affects The Way The Brain...

Dyslexia Explained Lampkin (2015) describes Dyslexia as a common condition that affects the way the brain processes written and spoken language. However, Handler and Fierson (2011), go a bit deeper and define it as a receptive language-based learning disability that is characterized by difficulties with decoding, fluent word recognition, rapid automatic naming, and/or reading-comprehension skills. In short, Dyslexia is a complex reading disability that many children and adults suffer from. Characteristics of People with Dyslexia According to Davis (1992) there are thirty-seven common characteristics of Dyslexia. Of those thirty-seven characteristics, only ten will be visually present in a student. Davis separates these characteristics into these seven different categories: (1) General, (2) Vision, Reading, and Spelling, (3) Hearing and Speech, (4) Writing and Motor Skills, (5) Math and Time Management, (6) Memory and Cognition, and (7) Behavior, Health, Development, and Personality. Learning Characteristics According to Chall (1983) the primary deficit associated with dyslexia is phonological awareness and there are three symptoms; Inaccurate and inefficient single word recognition, Difficulty sounding out (decoding) unfamiliar words, and Inaccurate spelling that is the result of it. As a result of phonological deficit, students with dyslexia exhibit slow and inaccurate text reading, poor reading comprehension, varied difficulties with the symbol code for reading and

The Effects Of Video Games On A Global Scale - 1943 Words

Introduction: Video games on a global scale have become one of the most lucrative of what is considered â€Å"new media† in today’s society. They came from humble beginnings in the form of games such as Pong and Pacman, games that consisted of limited color and moving dots. Now the gaming industry is worth billions of dollars. In a recent study conducted by Forbes magazine in 2012, figures showed that the video game industry was worth an estimated 67 billion dollars and in 2017 it will be worth an estimated 82 billion dollars (Gaudiosi, 2012). With its rise in popularity as a result of its technological advancements, video games are one of the top choices among many adolescents as well as young adults as a form of entertainment. With the†¦show more content†¦In a study conducted by Stephen Burgess titled â€Å"Video Game Playing and Academic Performance in College Students†. He states that â€Å" Students may be able to report studying while watching TV, whereas pla ying a video game may require more focused attention† ( pg. 377). With video games demanding more attention from the player, time is ultimately sacrificed for the perceived self-gratification of the player. Recent research showed that heavy video game play had an effect on the ability of the gamer to manage his/her time effectively. The purpose of this proposed study is to examine the relationship between video game play and time management skills. First, this current research attempts to discover whether or not gender plays a role in the relationship between time management and video game play. It is also to find out the age groups that are most likely to practice poor time management skills as a result of heavy video game play. Lastly, this proposed research aims to explore whether or not the relationship between video game play and poor time management skills is genre specific. Upon completion of this research, a greater and more complete understanding of the relationship between heavy video game play and time management skills will be attained. The significance of this study is rooted in the main objective of finding out the direct relationship between heavy video game play and poo r time management skills. After the study is

Analysis In School Days Free Essays

In School Life is a melancholy poem written by John Greenleaf Whittier. In the poem an old man reflects back upon his life and remembers his childhood days. One incident in particular stands out, when he experiences his first love. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis: In School Days or any similar topic only for you Order Now As one grows older they learn to appreciate what the true treasures in life are and that those moments will stay in their hearts forever. Whittier sets the scene by an old schoolhouse by a road. It is his schoolhouse, where he grew up and his education began. And blackberry-vines are creeping. / Within the masters desk is seen, / Deep-scarred by raps official. He gives the audience a feeling a darkness and sadness. This is being emphasized by Whittier with the word creeping in the forth line. The point of view is that of a young boy. As the school day ends everyone leaves, except for a little boy and girl. They meet after school and the girl tells the boy she loves him. I hate to go above you, / Because, —the brown eyes lower fell,— / Because, you see, I love you! At first she is talking to him to apologize for making him look bad in class. She than tells him that she is sorry because she loves him. Whittier uses the dash marks around the phrase the brown eyes lower fell to emphasize the change in mood from a little dark and sad to an embarrassing moment in time that changes the whole feeling of the poem, to love and warmth. After the speaker tells of how he met his first love he returns to the present time. Still memory to a gray-haired man / That sweet child-face is showing. He is an old man now but he still vividly remembers down to the last detail, how he met her. This is one of those things that he will never forget as long as he lives. Dear girl! The grasses on her grave / Have forty years been growing. The narrator is saying that even though years have passed, love is one of those things that is not just forgotten; it remains with the person forever. How to cite Analysis: In School Days, Essay examples